Dynamic assessment (DA) evaluates a person’s learning potential and the deficits in cognitive functions. The process of dynamic assessment is highly interactive and process-oriented. It emphasizes the learning process and accounts for the amount and nature of examiner investment.
Mediated Learning Experience is a structured approach to learning and is applicable for all age groups. It allows learners to build and modify their capacities through structured learning to acquire new skills, behavior patterns, awareness, and a set of strategies that can potentially be generalized to new experiences and stimuli.
DA and MLE are particularly effective in promoting overall learning, cognitive functioning and language performance for students with special educational needs and individuals with cognitive impairment. Our clinic provides DA and MLE for children as well as adults who want to enhance their cognitive functions and communication abilities.

動態評量（DA）是一種評估學習潛能及認知功能的方法。動態評估過程具有高度互動性，強調學習當中之過程。動態評量的目標是透過適當的協助和引導，促進認知和語言發展，特別切合個人的學習需要。
Mediated Learning Experience (MLE）是一種結構化的學習方法，適用於所有年齡群組。MLE讓學習者通過結構化的學習模式來建立和修正他們的能力，以獲得新技能、行為模式、意識和一系列可被推廣應用於其他經歷的的應對策略。
DA和MLE在促進有特殊教育需要的學生、或有認知障礙人士的整體學習、認知功能和語言表現尤其有效。本診所提供動態評量及MLE，為兒童至成人個案提升認知功能和溝通能力。

Fluency disorders refer to the disorders that affect a person’s ability to speak fluently. These may include developmental stuttering, neurogenic stuttering, cluttering, etc. Our clinic provides assessment and treatment to children and adults with fluency disorders. Treatment for children includes indirect and direct therapy while treatment for adults includes speech restructuring and basic cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Our clinic also specializes in providing Lidcombe Program for children with stuttering.

流暢障礙是指影響患者流暢說話能力的障礙，包括發育性口吃、神經性口吃、迅吃等。本診所為患有流暢障礙的兒童和成人提供評估和治療。針對兒童的治療包括間接及直接治療，而針對成人的治療包括言語重構和基本認知行為治療。我們亦為患有口吃的兒童提供名為Lidcombe Program的專門診治。

Cleft Lip and Palate is the second most common congenital structural anomaly with a higher incidence rate reported in Hong Kong. Even after primary repair of the palate, the child’s speech may not always develop normally. Our clinic provides assessment and intervention services from pre-school age to adulthood.
Our perceptual speech assessment informs us if direct speech therapy is required as well as the type of therapy. We also initiate referral for instrumental assessment(s) of palate function of speech to determine whether further surgery is required.
Our clinic also provides a speech and language service for children with other craniofacial anomalies including craniofacial dysostosis syndromes e.g. Apert syndrome, Crouzon syndrome.

唇腭裂是香港第二大最常見及高發病率的先天性結構異常。即使經過初步唇腭修復後，兒童的言語發展仍可能出現障礙。
本診所為學前兒童至成人等不同年齡的個案提供評估及治療服務。透過感知言語評估，言語治療師可得知個案是否需要接受言語治療及所須治療的性質，如有需要亦會轉介接受儀器檢查腭咽構音功能、或建議接受進一步手術治療。
本診所同時為其他口腔頜面異常的兒童，包括患有顱面部發育不全綜合症（例如：亞伯氏症、克魯松氏症候群）的兒童提供服務。

A disorder in any part of the auditory system will affect a child’s hearing ability and thus, communication. Children with hearing impairment may have difficulties in developing speech and language. Aural rehabilitation/habitation plays an important role in the communication abilities of both children and adults with hearing impairment. Our clinic provides the following specific services:

• Auditory and speech perception training
• Verbal speech and oral language training
• Augmentative communication with visual strategies
• Interaction and communication strategies

Our clinic also provides pre-operative assessment and post-operative rehabilitation/habilitation to clients with various types of implantable hearing devices such as cochlear implant and auditory brainstem implant.

聽覺系統的任何一部份出現毛病，均會影響聽力，因而影響溝通。患有聽力障礙的兒童在學習語言時亦會遇上困難。因此，聽覺康復在聽力障礙兒童和成人的溝通能力中均起著重要作用。本診所設有以下聽力復康訓練：

• 提升聽力及言語感知
• 改善因聽力障礙而影響的發音及語言問題
• 善用視覺資訊以增強溝通能力
• 學習如何應對溝通困難

我們亦提供人工耳蝸 / 腦幹植入手術前的溝通能力評估、及手術後的聽覺復康訓練。

Neurogenic communication disorders are caused by damage to the brain or the nerves. There are four types of communication disorders - aphasia, dysarthria, apraxia of speech, cognitive-communication disorders.

• Aphasia is caused by damage to the parts of the brain that process language. Patients with aphasia may have problems with any or all of the following language modalities: understanding of language, using spoken language, reading and writing.
• Dysarthria is caused by damage to the nervous system that controls speech movements. It may result from weakness, slowness or uncoordinated movements of the lips, tongue, face, throat and chest during speech production which leads to poor speech clarity.
• Apraxia of speech is caused by damage to the sensory-motor parts of the brain that program speech movements. Patients with apraxia of speech will have inconsistent speech errors, slow and labored speech as well as the wrong order of sound and/or word production.
• Cognitive-communication disorder is caused by concussion, traumatic brain injury, dementia, mild cognitive impairment, right hemisphere disorder, etc. Our clinic provides comprehensive evaluation and individualized treatment program for patients with cognitive-communication disorders with an aim to maximize the functional communication skills of individuals.

神經性溝通障礙是由大腦或神經的損傷引致，當中最常見的四種類型神經性溝通障礙包括失語症、構音障礙、言語失用症、和認知及溝通障礙。

• 失語症是由於大腦處理語言部份的損傷而引致。失語症患者的語言理解、說話語言表達、閱讀及/或寫作均可能出現問題。
• 構音障礙是由於控制言語運動的神經系統受損，引致嘴唇、舌頭、面部、喉嚨和胸部的肌肉無力、活動緩慢或不協調，導致言語清晰度變差。
• 言語失用症是由於腦部損傷後，不能控制口部肌肉運動的位置、範圍、協調性和運動序列的編程，引致患者不能準確地發音、出現緩慢且不清晰的言語、紊亂的言語次序等。
• 認知及溝通障礙由腦震盪、創傷性腦損傷、認知障礙症、輕度認知障礙、右腦損傷等引致。本診所提供詳細評估及個人化治療服務以改善患者的功能性溝通技能。

Social communication deficits is a core feature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Individuals with ASD may experience difficulties in daily social contexts such as relating and interacting with peers, misunderstanding communication partners, difficulty establishing and maintaining friendships, etc.
Our assessment identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the individual and our individualized treatment programs, which may include individual and group therapy, facilitates development of social cognition, social competencies, problem solving, self-regulation and self-monitoring skills.

患有自閉症譜系障礙人士的其中一個特徵是社交溝通的缺損，故他們在日常生活中會遇到各種社交溝通困難，例如：難於與朋輩交往、誤會溝通對象、未能有效地建立及維繫社交關係(例如：朋友)等。
我們可以評估患者的強弱之處，從而設計合適的個人化訓練方案。這些訓練包括個別及小組訓練，以提升患者的社交思維、社交能力、解難能力、自我調控和監察能力。

Dysphagia refers to problems with swallowing which could be due to various medical conditions. The most common causes of dysphagia include stroke, Parkinson’s disease, dementia, head and neck cancer, respiratory diseases, congenital anomalies including preterm, cleft lips/ palate, head and neck problems, digestive disorders, cerebral palsy, neurogenic impairment and congenital heart diseases, etc. People of all ages can have dysphagia, from the moment one is born until the later stages of life. Timely diagnosis of dysphagia is important because it can have fatal consequences including malnutrition, dehydration and pneumonia. In most cases, dysphagia can be managed through compensatory or rehabilitative strategies, and in some, further collaboration with medical doctors including surgeons is required to effectively manage dysphagia.
Our service includes comprehensive assessment of swallowing function and individualized treatment programs for both children and adult that considers the needs of the client and is evidence-based.

吞嚥障礙的成因很廣泛，最常見的包括中風、柏金遜症、認知障礙症、頭頸癌、呼吸科疾病、先天性結構異常包括早產、裂顎/裂唇、頭頸缺陷、消化道問題、腦癱瘓、神經受損、先天性心臟病等。不同年齡的人士，由初生至年老，都有機會患有吞嚥障礙。因為吞嚥障礙可導致的嚴重後果，包括：營養不良、脫水及肺炎，適時的診斷對吞嚥障礙患者尤其重要。在大多數病人中，吞嚥障礙可以透過補償性或復康性的方法治療，有需要時亦會轉介專科醫生共同處理吞嚥障礙。
我們的服務包括詳細的兒童及成人吞嚥功能評估，因應患者需要提供個人化及實證為本的治療方案。

Voice disorders may affect a person’s voice quality and everyday voice use. Voice disorders may result from poor vocal techniques and habits, structural deviation and neurogenic impairment. Our clinic provides comprehensive voice assessment and treatment for both children and adults with voice disorders. Treatment aims to improve the person’s voicing techniques, develop healthy voice habits as well as pre-surgical care and post-surgical voice therapy for those who require vocal surgery.
Our clinic assists those who may need referral to laryngologists for further voice assessment and management.

聲線障礙會影響患者的說話聲音質素及日常聲線運用。聲線障礙可能源於發聲技巧和習慣不良、結構偏差或神經性障礙等因素。

本診所為患有聲線障礙的兒童和成人提供全面的聲線評估和治療。聲線治療旨在改善患者的發聲技巧、建立健康的發聲習慣，以及為需要進行聲帶手術的個案，提供手術前護理和手術後聲線治療。我們亦會為需要接受進一步聲線評估及管理的個案，安排轉介至喉科專科醫生。

Speech sound disorders (SSD) may manifest as difficulties with perception, articulation/motor production, phonological representation of speech sounds, and/or with prosody (tone, rhythm etc. of a language). The causes of SSD can be known, e.g. genetic causes, or unknown. There are several types of SSD. For each type of SSD, the cause or level of breakdown is different and the speech symptoms are also different. Sometimes, the SSD persists beyond childhood into adolescence and adulthood. Early intervention is important in managing SSDs as it can have learning, social and psychological impact.
Our clinic provides detailed assessments and differential diagnoses on the nature and type of SSD, with recommendations on the management and individualized treatment programmes.

語音障礙（SSD）可以是感知、構音/言語運動控制、語言系統的語音表徵和/或韻律（語言的音調，節奏等）的困難。 語音障礙的原因可以是已知的（例如遺傳原因）或成因不明的。不同類型及不同成因的語音障礙會導致不同的症狀。若未能及早治療語音障礙，語音障礙有可能持續至青少年甚至成人階段，影響學習、社交及心理上的發展。本診所提供詳細的語音障礙評估、治療建議，及個人化的治療方案。

Our clinic provides comprehensive assessment on paediatric speech, language, communication and swallowing as a tertiary assessment with unknown causes or known biomedical or neurodevelopmental causes such as hearing impairment, intellectual disability, Down Syndrome, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Prematurity. This clinic also provides assessment of bilingual and trilingual children (English, Cantonese, Putonghua).
The tertiary assessment includes making diagnosis and recommendations as well as providing overall management directions.

本診所為兒童言語、語言、溝通和吞嚥相關的個案，提供全面評估，以作為第二方診療意見。當中包括：未知病因的個案及已知為生物醫學或神經發展相關病因之個案， 例如

• 聽力障礙
• 智力障礙
• 唐氏綜合症
• 自閉症譜系障礙
• 注意力不足/過度活躍症(ADHD)
• 早產兒

本診所亦為雙語及三語兒童 (英語、粵語、普通話) 提供評估服務。全面評估包括作出診斷及建議，並提供整體的治療方向。